Whether these so-called triggers are independent precipitators of migraine pain or mere symptoms of the premonitory phase of migraine remains to be elucidated. The effects of chronic light. At least five attacks fulfilling criteria B through D B. In. Migraines are a neurological disease, of which the most common symptom is an intense and disabling episodic headache. 2-90. Phonophobia, also called ligyrophobia or sonophobia, is a fear of or aversion to loud sounds (for example fireworks)—a type of specific phobia. Prefer to rest keeping still (which could indicate movement sensitivity, or kinesiophobia) 5. The other 7 patients of these 25 patients denied experiencing any migraine features associated with vertigo during their attacks, but recalled a previous history of migraine. At least ONE of the following: a) Clinical signs of pain source in the neckMost also become sensitive to light (photophobia) and sound (phonophobia) during a migraine. An abnormal sensitivity to or intolerance of light, especially by the eyes, as may be. Inflammation. A 29-year-old computer programmer comes to your office for evaluation of a headache. 4) and. nausea/vomiting; severe pain; pulsating/throbbing pain; mainly unilateral pain; and the presence of photophobia, phonophobia, and/or aura). H53. Phonophobia is simply anomalous discomfort from sound. The days per month with photophobia, phonophobia and aura decreased at a higher rate than headache days per month after six months in the ≥50% response group. For most children it is difficult to describe a headache and fully verbalize symptoms such as photophobia and phonophobia that must be inferred from behaviour. This might have potentially difficult implications for the diagnosis of MA in the elderly. It is common among primary headache patients, with prevalence of migraine. Loud noise is often reported by our patients to cause migraines. Global impression of change (‘very much better/much better’), as well as having no disability (score of 0), appeared to be dose-related with 200. 9% of our patients, it was lower than that observed elsewhere (one-quarter to one-third) ( 11 , 15 , 17 , 18 ). With photophobia, light can cause discomfort. In the current review, we discuss the. Many persons experience sensory hyper excitability manifested by photophobia, phonophobia and osmophobia. Photophobia, phonophobia and osmophobia are sensory hypersensitivity symptoms 19. Symptoms relating to structures in the head (eg, the temporomandibular joint [TMJ], teeth, or ear) and neck should be reviewed. As in clinical trials, the most common MBS was photophobia. Osmophobia, a typical migraine associate was reported by a non‐headache sufferer, along with photophobia and nausea during. Which assessment data support this diagnosis? A. Photophobia is a common symptom seen in many neurologic disorders, however, its pathophysiology remains unclear. Throbbing. Background: In October 2014, the US Food and Drug Administration released a draft guidance for the development of drugs for the acute treatment of migraine. Similar to MD, migraine is characterized by headache attacks with. It is common among primary headache patients, with prevalence of migraine. 2, and 40. 5. Neither headache group was significantly different as to photophobia and phonophobia, but both were significantly more sensitive to light and sound than controls (p<0. Most patients remain lying in their room in the dark. It is a very rare phobia which is often the symptom of hyperacusis. She describes a white light in her line of vision. Unilateral phonophobia or photophobia, or both, are more frequent in TACs and hemicrania continua than in migraine and NDPH. 5% in migraine subgroup and 89. A 28-year-old woman presents with a throbbing unilateral headache (left side) and is very nauseated. What Is Photophobia? The literal translation of photophobia from Greek is “fear of light. Introduction. crite1ia (e. Prompt treatment of the migraine will relieve the light sensiti. Higher photophobia ratios were associated with higher response rates between three and six months. 0): Phonophobia, nausea, photophobia, and vomiting were the most frequent accompanying symptoms (experienced by 80. photophobia, blurred vision, sparkles and flickering are all reported in individuals with migraine. Migraine headache usually causes unilateral, pulsatile pain attacks of moderate to severe intensity. It may stem from heightened sensitivity in the trigeminal nerve, which controls the sensation of the face and eye. Photophobia and phonophobia are symptoms of the same disorder, but there are some important differences. In defining photophobia nearly eight decades ago, Lebensohn ( 5) wrote “exposure of the eye to light definitely induces or exacerbates pain”. Background: The MBS has emerged as an important. The patient otherwise also denies any history of recent travel, hiking, or tick exposure, as. Read More. Photophobia and phonophobia. Description: • Recurrent headache disorder manifesting in attacks • Lasting 4-72 hours. 1 Traditional efficacy evaluations in clinical trials of acute migraine treatments have focused on ratings of. 8 mg. With regard to migrainous features in CH, nausea occurred in 38. Unilateral photophobia or. Photophobia and phonophobia are reported in some three-quarters of migraine patients and form part of the core characteristics employed in the International Headache Society definition (). The percentage of patients achieving absence of photophobia, absence of phonophobia, and absence of nausea at each time point, with and without censoring for use of rescue medication, are detailed in Supplemental Table 2. In this paper, we review the epidemiology and clinical manifestations of photophobia in neurological disorders, including primary headache, blepharospasm, progressive supranuclear palsy, and traumatic. Phonophobia may be mediated by connections between the auditory pathways, auditory thalamus, and sensory cortex, but these pathways are not well characterized. Headache usually occurs within 60 minutes of the end of the aura, 1 but it may begin with the aura. Fifty-two migraineurs (mean age 39 years) were selected using the International Headache Society diagnostic criteria for migraine. Physical therapy, specifically manual therapy, modestly reduces tension-type headache frequency. Nausea, vomiting, photophobia, and phonophobia are commonly present. , only once a day) and have, in rare cases, urinary retention. 14 Unilateral photophobia suggests an inflammatory process in the affected eye, but may be seen with the trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias. E. Tramadol/APAP reduces the severity of pain, photophobia, and phonophobia associated with migraine headache, but does not reduce migraine-associated nausea. photophobia and phonophobia. One or more fully reversible aura symptoms. Photophobia is often associated with more emotional symptoms. b) photophobia OR phonophobia 5. 0 At least two defining headache characteristics . Cephalalgia 2004: suppl 1) ICD-10-CM G43. 9 % of patients, respectively). This study investigated whether migraineurs are more sensitive to light and sound while headache-free than are healthy people. Charing Cross Hospital/Science Source. History: A 66-year-old man with long-standing history of chronic neuralgia of the right occipital nerve presents with constant, daily pain of variable intensity associated with photophobia, phonophobia, and frequent nausea. Forty-eight healthy controls were matched for age, sex, and race (mean age 36. The term photophobia is a misnomer and not quite accurate. Apart from the headache, vestibular symptoms, photophobia, and phonophobia, patients with VM may experience visual aura. Verapamil would be a preventative option for treatment of vestibular migraines. Photophobia, an abnormal sensitivity to light, is so common with migraine headaches that it is almost synonymous with it. Tension-type headaches are characterized by pain or discomfort in the head, scalp, face, jaw, or neck, and are usually associated with muscle tightness in. (1999) investigated the sensitivity to light, sound, smell, and other stimuli in. This is similar to photophobia that is reported with ICD-9 code 368. Migraine is a chronic neurological disorder characterised by attacks of moderate or severe headache and reversible neurological and systemic symptoms. Rather, photophobia is due to a. It is characterized by pain of moderate to severe intensity; aggravated by physical activity; and associated with nausea and /. Post-TBI photophobia can be difficult to treat and the majority of patients can suffer chronically up to and beyond one year after their injury. A. 3 Migraine is a common disease occurring in up to 15% of the population in Western countries. One-third of migraineurs experience aura, whose neurophysiological substrate is thought to be cortical spreading depression (CSD). 5. g. 9% of patients showed improvement in the severity of photophobia, phonophobia, and nausea/vomiting, respectively. Migraine pain does not have to be unilateral and, in fact, is bilateral in 40% of cases. Similar to photophobia, unilaterality of phonophobia can be more specific to trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias . Hyperacusis, as mentioned, a heightened sensitivity to. It has been connected with other physical and sensory disturbances, such as dizziness, anxiety, and noise sensitivity (also known as phonophobia), among others. Misophonia increases awareness of external sounds and somato sounds (e. Background: Photophobia is a potentially debilitating symptom often found in dry eye disease (DE), migraine and traumatic brain injury (TBI). Photophobia, phonophobia and osmophobia are common triggers of migraine attacks and are observed in 50–90%, 52–82% and 25–43% of patients with migraine, respectively . Sensitivity analyses yielded similar results. 14 Unilateral photophobia suggests an inflammatory process in the affected eye, but may be seen with the trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias. Photophobia and phonophobia: E. Causes. 2, 77. Due to photo phobia and phonophobia is advisable to rest in a dark and quiet place. This might have potentially difficult implications for the diagnosis of MA in the elderly. It is defined as an “abnormal sensitivity to light, especially of the eyes” ( 4 ). 7 Diagnoses of migraine can be refined based on thePhotophobia and phonophobia have been studied through questionnaires ascertaining the presence of these symptoms during the headache attack, with a focus on the diagnostic improvement of the migraine-related. diagnosis would be probable . Patients may void less often (e. Headache, photophobia, and phonophobia are frequent. Patients may void less often (e. Both of the following: no nausea or vomiting; no more than 1 of photophobia or phonophobia. Osmophobia, defined as a fear, aversion, or psychological hypersensitivity to odors, is a very rare isolated phobia. Phonophobia. (international classification of headache disorders, 2nd ed. Only the placebo arm was used. 9%, 50. Photophobia is a medical symptom of abnormal intolerance to visual perception of light. This study investigated whether migraineurs are more sensitive to light and sound while headache‐free than are: healthy people. The same applied to the. [2] It is a very rare phobia which is often the symptom of hyperacusis. , tinnitus) or the sound itself will result in discomfort or pain. Photophobia is considered the second most common symptom of both concussion and post-concussion syndrome. Visual aura occurred in 13. Photophobia and phonophobia. and F. In the presence of normal neurologic and ophthalmologic. Only few studies in patients with migraine and TTH have examined the sensitivity to sensory stimuli and the potential of these stimuli in precipitating headache. Sensory hypersensitivities such as photophobia, phonophobia, osmophobia, and allodynia were frequently observed in patients with migraine [7–12]. It could indicate an involvement of peripheral CGRP in photophobia as well. g. Photophobia refers to a sensory disturbance provoked by light. Photophobia is commonly associated with anterior segment disorders of the eye such as uveitis, cyclitis, iritis, and blepharitis []. While the term literally means the "fear of light," it is not an actual phobia. Cervicogenic headache a. This phase may last 4 to 72 hours. Diagnosis of anxiety. " It is the most common type. Peripheral sensitization is an acute, chemical-induced form of functional plasticity, which converts high-threshold nociceptors into low-threshold sensory neurons. Conclusion. Photophobia is an extreme sensitivity and aversion to light. 1 Additionally, patients can have a variety of other neurological symptoms—eg, vertigo, dizziness, tinnitus, and cognitive impairment. While symptoms may differ, the following are common symptoms of a tension-type headache: slow onset of the headache. In teenagers, during an episode, the face often has an exhausted look, a reduced facial expression, and an empty gaze. ”. Patients complain of intermittent headache and associated symptoms, such as visual disturbance, nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity to light or noise (photophobia and phonophobia). Both are expressed at numerous sites associated with pain processing and other functions associated with migraine symptoms, such as nausea, photophobia and phonophobia 122. 1046/j. Where no such criteria were specified, the diagnosis of migraine had to be based on at least some of its distinctive features, (e. Photophobia, or extreme light sensitivity, is a common symptom of migraine and is one of the criteria used to diagnose migraine. She reports using ibuprofen, with moderate improvement in the aforementioned headache. Osmophobia, a sensitivity to smell, is frequently described in 95% of migraine patients. Migraine is characterized by symptoms related to cortical hyperexcitability such as photophobia, phonophobia, osmophobia and allodynia. Phonophobia is a highly treatable, specific phobia that both children and adults can develop. Over the years, multiple. 149 may differ. Seven of these 18 patients had headaches, five patients felt fullness in the head, four patients had phonophobia, two patients had photophobia and one patient had visual aura. A 29-year-old computer programmer comes to your office for evaluation of a headache. Phonophobia occurs in 70–80% of migraine patients during an acute attack (6, 7). " Headache 37(8): 492-495. At least two attacks fulfilling criterion B: B. Chronic tension-type headache. 8 mg and 14% for placebo (P = . Cluster Headache Diagnosis requires: ; At least five attacks; Severe to very severe unilateral orbital, supraorbital, and/or temporal pain Phonophobia is defined as a persistent, abnormal, and unwarranted fear of sound. It is used in medicine to mean an aversion to or avoidance of light, whether light is painful or not. Migrainous features including photophobia (56%), phonophobia (43%), nausea (41%), vomiting (24%) and more rarely gustatory, olfactory, ocular and behavioural phenomena are common in CH attacks (Nappi et al 1992; Wheeler 1998; Bahra et al 2002). Both photophobia and phonophobia . g. Yes. Photophobia, an abnormal intolerance to light, is associated with a number of ophthalmic and neurologic conditions. 2. Typical features include recurrent unilateral throbbing headaches with associated nausea, vomiting, photophobia and/or phonophobia. These are S&S of. Clinical and preclinical research has identified several potential pathways involved in enhanced light sensitivity. Eye pain. More specifically, photophobia is a condition where exposure to light can cause. Photophobia is defined as pain with normal or dim light. Migraine attacks are characterized by unilateral throbbing, pulsating headache associated with nausea, vomiting, photophobia, phonophobia and allodynia. In migraine, osmophobia was associated with photophobia and phonophobia (57/172, 33. Useful clinical criteria from the history and physical examination for distinguishing migraine from tension-type headache include nausea, photophobia (sensitivity to light), and phonophobia. Patients with episodic migraine usually have it two to eight. This form of sensitization. A woman, age 28, with unilateral, pulsating head pain accompanied by photophobia and phonophobia who ran out of her regular headache medication B. NOMENCLATURE OF PHOTOPHOBIA. As the term derives from the Greek words “photo,” meaning light, and “phobia,” meaning fear, it literally denotes a fear. B. Photophobia describes intolerance to light or light sensitivity. Recent Findings Melanopsin-containing photoreceptors called intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) have been identified in the retina and explain the rational for photophobia in individuals who are blind. Photophobia, an abnormal intolerance to light, is associated with a number of ophthalmic and neurologic conditions. 0. Phonophobia and hyperacusis are two separate but closely related symptoms that are often mistakenly used in clinical practice as the same entity. At least 10 previous headache episodes fulfilling these criteria F. Benign paroxysmal torticollis of infancy, benign. This is also an anxiety disorder, not a hearing problem. 5-96. Photophobia is often found in children and is often caused by a problem with the eyes, while phonophobia is the. 0 At least two defining headache characteristics . , et al. Diaries should not be conflated with headache calendars, which typically include less information but are useful in the follow-up. g. 1 Traditional efficacy evaluations in clinical trials of acute migraine treatments have focused on ratings of. Or, it may be due to dry eye and needing lubricating drops. Vertigo and dizziness were. In teenagers, during an episode, the face often has an exhausted look, a reduced facial expression, and an empty gaze. In this article, we take an in-depth look at the experiences of those with vestibular-related photophobia and offer tips for keeping it in check. Nah, kondisi tersebut bisa terjadi jika Anda mengalami. Migraine headaches: Migraines often come with light sensitivity. Migraine without aura is accompanied by nausea, vomiting, or photophobia (light sensitivity) and phonophobia (sound sensitivity). 5% of patients. Neither headache group was significantly different as to photophobia and phonophobia, but both were significantly more sensitive to light and sound than controls (p<0. Isabelle Arnulf, in Principles and Practice of Sleep Medicine (Sixth Edition), 2017. Time course to absence of photophobia, phonophobia, and nausea. Prefer to rest in a quiet place (which could indicate sound sensitivity, or phonophobia) 4. TTH. Phonophobia and photophobia may appear together if you have other medical disorders, including migraine headaches or a traumatic brain injury. 1 Additionally, patients can have a variety of other neurological symptoms—eg, vertigo, dizziness, tinnitus, and cognitive impairment. include photophobia, phonophobia, cutaneous allodynia, and gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea and emesis. While there is some overlap in clinical presentations between A and B, more frequent migraine attacks, either during or between episodes, are believed to be typical of VM. Occasional patients with vestibular migraine have. Migraine Headache . Photophobia is a poorly understood light-induced phenomenon that emerges in a variety of neurological and ophthalmological conditions. TTH is bilateral and some patients report a suboccipital location. D. x Corpus ID: 22676366; The Wavelength of Light Causing Photophobia in Migraine and Tension‐type Headache Between Attacks @article{Main2000TheWO, title={The Wavelength of Light Causing Photophobia in Migraine and Tension‐type Headache Between Attacks}, author={Alan. Summary of Case. 8 mg or placebo, prospectively designated MBS were photophobia (n = 79), phonophobia (n = 43), and nausea (n = 37). [ PubMed] [ Google Scholar] Photophobia is a debilitating feature of many headache disorders. ,. , nausea, photophobia, and phonophobia) can overlap with TTH symptoms as the latter become more prominent, convoluting the diagnostic process . Bilateral photophobia is a consistent complaint with migraine, and migraine patients tend to be more sensitive to light in general. Photophobia literally means “fear of light. These emerging criteria. These sensory hypersensitivities are implicated in the underlying pathophysiology of migraine and are related to one another. Pulsating quality 3. Shuffling gait and mask-like facial expressions. Some of these structures include trigeminal afferents in the eye, second. During a migraine attack, approximately 80 percent of people experience photophobia. Causes Photophobia is linked to the connection between cells in your eyes that detect light and a nerve that goes to your head. Schulte et al (2015) suggested that rather than sound being a trigger, sound sensitivity was part of a "premonitory phase" of migraine. Abstract. A 19‐year‐old woman with chronic headaches presents with 1 month of worsening headache and diplopia. Headache, photophobia, and phonophobia are frequent. 0%, 95% CI 80. Photophobia. Martin, P. 15. , only once a day) and have, in rare cases, urinary retention. 5 It is often accompanied by nausea, sensitivity to light (photophobia) and sound (phonophobia. The univariate analysis of patients with I/GE with MwoA concerning their distribution to zones revealed that a minimum of five headache attacks, longer duration of attacks (<4 h), throbbing pain quality, higher VAS scores, increase of pain with physical activity, having nausea or vomiting, photophobia and/or phonophobia, and. Introduction. Associated symptoms include nausea, photophobia, and phonophobia. The tightening sensation is located all over the head and is of moderate. Both classes relieve head pain, nausea, photophobia, and phonophobia, and restore the patient’s ability to function normally during an acute attack. For this study, photophobia improvement was more frequent in patients with episodic migraine and triptans responders. Kleine-Levin Syndrome. 149 became effective on October 1, 2023. Background: Despite that photophobia and phonophobia are well-known symptoms related to migraine, it is unclear whether they affect daily life activities during the headache-free period. Nausea and vomiting are frequent, particularly in young children. This therapy focuses on changing your response to the object or situation that you fear. 6, 9 The condition predominantly affects children between 3 and 10 years of age and is more common in females. Migraine without aura is diagnosed based on the presence of at least 2 of 4 pain characteristics and on the presence of cardinal-associated symptoms: nausea or vomiting or both photophobia and phonophobia. Migraine characteristics such as photophobia, phonophobia, and functional disability were significantly improved in AAC-treated subjects at all time points from 1 through 6 hours (P< or =0. Headache lasting 4 to 72 hours C. The tightening sensation is located all over the head and is of moderate. Exposure therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy can be very effective, and medications may also helpIt probably depends on the susceptibility of a given migrainous individual whether the pronounced and possibly unpleasant perception of light or smell or other stimuli are the first symptom of the attack and photophobia, osmophobia, nausea or phonophobia will then be one of the distinctive following symptoms in the attack. Unilateral and pulsatile headache, phonophobia, photophobia, auras, and a previous history of migraine have been included in these criteria. Some women experience menstrual migraine, which is most likely to occur in the 2 days leading up to a period and in the first 3 days of a period. Visual symptoms, such as photophobia and blurred vision, are common in patients with concussion. Background: Photophobia is a common sensory symptom after traumatic brain injury (TBI) that may have a grave impact on a patient's functional independence, neurorehabilitation, and activities of daily living. Photophobia, phonophobia, and osmophobia are frequently associated with migraine attacks. Sudden loud and unexpected sound can cause anxiety attacks in a person who suffers from Phonophobia. A man, age 32, who complains of intense, one-sided pain in the temporal region that has persisted for. If headaches fulfill all but one of the . A temporal overlap between vestibular symptoms, such as vertigo and head-movement intolerance, and migraine symptoms, such as headache, photophobia, and phonophobia, is a requisite diagnostic criterion. Apart from the headache, vestibular symptoms, photophobia, and phonophobia, patients with VM may experience visual aura. Associated symptoms of nausea, vomiting, photophobia, and phonophobia may be less frequent. TTH . Some people use photosensitivity instead of photophobia to avoid. In the presence of normal neurologic and ophthalmologic examinations, the most common conditions associated with photophobia are migraine, blepharospasm, and traumatic brain injury. Vertigo may not always correlate with the migraines but may be associated with aura symptoms or photophobia and phonophobia. Photophobia, phonophobia, and osmophobia are frequently associated with migraine attacks. 149 - other international versions of ICD-10 H53. However, the relatively recent discovery of intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) has generated a number of studies linking retinal mechanisms to photophobia. 2 Headache attributed to ingestion or inhalation of a cold stimulusPhotophobia and phonophobia. 0001) at 2-hours. Migraine Headache . Sonophobia can refer to the hypersensitivity of a patient to sound and can be part of the diagnosis of a migraine . Several factors are believed to contribute to migraines, including certain foods, environmental changes,. Open table in a new tab The main subtypes are migraine with and without aura. Most patients remain lying in their room in the dark. There was a clear overlap of certain trigger factors and the presence of corresponding premonitory symptoms: flickering or bright. Photophobia, an abnormal intolerance to light, is associated with a number of ophthalmic and neurologic conditions. The pain associated with a migraine can be debilitating; many people are left with little choice but to lie down in a dark room and wait for the headache to. Osmophobia, defined as a fear, aversion, or psychological hypersensitivity to odors, is a very rare isolated phobia. (also known as phonophobia), among others. Pain referred originating in neck and perceived in the head/face b. 1% (2967/6045), nausea in 28. 6, 9 Although not fully. The sensitivity can cause pain or discomfort in the eye or head. In the presence of normal neurologic and ophthalmologic examinations, the most common conditions associated with photophobia are migraine, blepharospasm, and traumatic brain injury. photophobia OR phonophobia c) Cervicogenic headache (i) Pain referred originating in neck and perceived in the head/face (ii) Clinical, laboratory, and/or imaging evidence of pathology within the cervical spine or soft tissues of the neck (iii)At least ONE of the following: 1. Useful clinical criteria from the history and physical examination for distinguishing migraine from tension-type headache include nausea, photophobia (sensitivity to light), and phonophobia. Her mother was a migraineur. However, not all types of migraines are known to cause these symptoms. Main A, Vlachonikolis I, Dowson A. There are several lines of evidence to support the notion that multisensory integration is an important concept in migraine: The presence and intensity of one migraine symptom is associated with the presence and intensity of other migraine symptoms. Even the term is ambiguous. Drooping eyelid and muscle weakness D. At least 1 migrainous symptom during at least 2 vertigo attacks (migrainous headaches, photophobia, phonophobia, visual or other auras) No evidence of other causes of vertigo In 2012, definite and probable diagnostic criteria were replaced with diagnostic criteria for a vestibular migraine put forth by both the Barany Society and the. Photophobia is an extreme sensitivity and aversion to light. Moreover, 2% of the population has repeated bouts of migraine attack [1, 2]. This can be associated with everything from brow aches to symptoms of nausea and tiredness. Disease. 07. with . Although the frequency of allodynia is widely variable (15. The use of close-ended questions can be useful in increasing sensitivity for phonophobia during the neurological anamnesis . Migraine often begins with premonitory symptoms hours or days before the onset of pain. The cause of symptoms such as photophobia and phonophobia in the presence of occipital nerve or trigeminal nerve compression is unclear; however it seems likely that these symptoms of heightened central sensitivity are mediated via the same pathways involved in migraine and can occur due to the anatomic and functional. Episodic and chronic tension-type headache had similar photo- and phonophobia thresholds (p≥0. Headache lasting 30 min to 7. Depending on the frequency and. For many, light sensitivity and photophobia does not just occur as an isolated symptom. One or more fully reversible aura symptoms. no more than one of photophobia, phonophobia or mild nausea 2. 6%). The causes of photophobia range from minor to severe. These features included hemiparesis 151,153, photophobia 156,. Anxiety, depression, fear, anger or irritability, and stress are among the mood-related changes that. Vision 6/6 in both eyes. In the presence of normal neurologic and ophthalmologic examinations. (see IHS criteria I and II) Tension type headaches: Headaches due to fatigue or emotional stress, which present with a throbbing quality in a band-like distribution. The action of magnesium sulphate on photophobia is easily explained in primarily central terms, reducing brain hyperexcitability. A migraine episode is a complex neurovascular event that can last from hours to days . Such symptoms may be accompanied by abnormalities of specific eye movements, such as saccades and convergence, or accommodation deficits. In teenagers, during an episode, the face often has an exhausted look, a reduced facial expression, and an. People with depression, seasonal affective disorder, bipolar and agoraphobia are more sensitive to light.